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回轉(zhuǎn)鉆具
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產(chǎn)品分類：
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產(chǎn)品特點(diǎn)
產(chǎn)品詳情
回轉(zhuǎn)鉆進(jìn)：
回轉(zhuǎn)鉆進(jìn)由頂部驅(qū)動(dòng)的鉆頭運(yùn)用向下排入的空氣進(jìn)行鉆進(jìn)。由液壓鉆子或方鉆桿驅(qū)動(dòng)提供回轉(zhuǎn)力。鉆頭在鉆進(jìn)時(shí)被固定到鉆柱上由其帶動(dòng)旋轉(zhuǎn)，通過(guò)補(bǔ)給氣壓和回轉(zhuǎn)扭力碎巖，巖渣由壓縮空氣、泥漿或泡沫排除，它們隨鉆柱內(nèi)部持續(xù)循環(huán)進(jìn)入鉆頭的水孔或噴嘴，從鉆桿和孔壁間的環(huán)形空間向上排。
給進(jìn)氣壓和回轉(zhuǎn)轉(zhuǎn)速?zèng)Q定著進(jìn)尺速度和施工效率。通常軟巖用低風(fēng)壓配高轉(zhuǎn)速、硬巖用高風(fēng)壓配低轉(zhuǎn)速。
回轉(zhuǎn)鉆進(jìn)通常用來(lái)鉆鑿大直徑爆破孔或進(jìn)行深孔施工，在中軟巖層上施工效果最好?；剞D(zhuǎn)鉆進(jìn)代表性的用途是水井、油井、勘探、地?zé)峥辈楹痛笮吐短觳傻V作業(yè)。
回轉(zhuǎn)鉆頭：
合適的鉆頭能有效地實(shí)現(xiàn)進(jìn)尺和鉆頭壽命的最佳化，故鉆頭是回轉(zhuǎn)鉆具的核心。選擇回轉(zhuǎn)鉆頭最需考慮的是最佳的進(jìn)尺效率、鉆進(jìn)壽命和性價(jià)比。此外，鉆頭選擇還取決于鉆進(jìn)用途、巖層類型和可鉆性、拍渣方式和施加到鉆頭的鉆壓。
回轉(zhuǎn)鉆頭基本上分四種：刮刀鉆頭，牙輪鉆頭，巖芯鉆和復(fù)合片鉆頭（巖芯鉆和復(fù)合片鉆頭信息請(qǐng)查閱另一章節(jié)）。
Rotary Drilling：
In the rotary drilling mechanism, the hole is drilled by a top drive rotating bit to which a pull-down pressure is applied. A hydraulic rotary head or kelly-stem drive provides rotation. The bit is fastened to, and rotated by, a drill string in drilling progress. Feed pressure and rotary torque crush and grind the rock while debris and cutting is flushed from the hole by compressed air, mud or foam, which continuously circulated down the inside of the drill string through water-ways or nozzles in the bit, and upward in annular space between the drill pipe and bore hole.
Feed pressure and rotation rate determines penetration and efficiency. And usually, soft rock requires lower feed pressure and faster rotation speed, while harder rock requires high feed pressure and slower rotation speed.
Rotary drilling is generally used for large-diameter blast-holes or for deep hole drilling and is most effective in soft to medium rock. Water and oil wells, exploration drilling, geothermal research and large open-pit mine drilling operations are typical rotary applications.
Rotary Drill Bits：
Optimum bit styles maximize penetration rate and bit life. So the core of all rotary drill strings is the bit. The most concern in selecting a rotary drilling bit should be to ensure optimum penetration rate, service life and cost effectiveness. Besides, bit selection is oriented by the drilling application, type and drillability of rock to be drilled, the type of flush to be used and the ability to apply load to the bit.
Basically there are four types of rotary drill bits: drag bits, roller cone bits, diamond bits and PDC bits (diamond bits and PDC core bits’ information is on other section).
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